Exam

MD Pharmacology Question Bank MUHS Exams

Posted on by Dr. Paresh Koli

Question bank (MD Pharmacology) updated till Summer 2020 exam papers.

General pharmacology

Long questions:

  1. Drug antagonism. [1993,2005]
  2. Drug interactions. [1995,2005]
  3. Drug receptor interactions. [1998,1999,2007]
  4. PK-PD changes and Principles of drug use in pregnancy. [2002,2007,2008]
  5. Factors affecting bioavailability. [2004]
  6. Drug delivery systems with examples. [2006]
  7. How liver & kidney affect pharmacokinetics of drug with examples. [2006]
  8. Discuss pharmacokinetic factors modifying drug action. [2007, 2019]
  9. Practical considerations to be used in pediatrics. [2007]
  10. Discuss pharmacovigilance. [2007,2015]
  11. Discuss Receptor mediated mechanism of drug action. [2009]
  12. Classify Adverse Drug Reactions and explain their subtypes. Discuss in general ways to prevent, suspect, early diagnose and treat Severe Adverse drug reactions with suitable examples. [2010]
  13. Discuss the role of biotransformation in drug action [2011,2015]
  14. Describe pharmacokinetic parameters and their applied pharmacology in detail [2011]
  15. Discuss types of drug antagonisms with their clinical importance [2012,2015]
  16. Discuss the importance of therapeutic drug monitoring [2013,2014]
  17. Describe National Pharmacovigilance network. Discuss functions and scope of regional pharmacovigilance [2009]
  18. Write an essay on Pharmacovigilance in India [2014]
  19. Write in detail about ethical issues in drug research [2016]
  20. Describe adverse drug reactions and therapeutic drug monitoring [2016]
  21. Give an account of development of new drugs [2016]
  22. Discuss concepts of drug clearance, its determination and factors affecting it. [2017]
  23. “The concept of receptor is important in understanding the mechanism of action of certain drugs.” Explain with suitable examples. [2018]
  24. 5HT receptors, their subtypes, agonists and antagonists. [2018, 2020]
  25. Blood brain barrier and blood CSF Barrier [2020]

Short notes:

  1. Essential drug list. [1992,1998,2007]
  2. New drug delivery systems. [1993,1997,2007,2014, 2017]
  3. Placebo. [1995,2005,2007]
  4. Presynaptic receptors. [2002]
  5. Saturation kinetics. [2003]
  6. Hypersensitivity reactions. [2004]
  7. Pharmacovigilance. [2005,2006]
  8. Pharmacogenomics. [2005,2008]
  9. Discuss Biological half-life of drugs and its clinical significance. [2005,2015]
  10. Therapeutic drug monitoring. [2006,2007,2015,2020]
  11. Second messenger systems. [2006]
  12. Pharmacoepidemiology. [2006]
  13. Drug induced agranulocytosis. [2007]
  14. Pharmacogenomics. [2008]
  15. Drug targeting [2009,2015]
  16. Problems of drug use in old age [2009]
  17. Dangers of polypharmacy in drug prescribing [2009]
  18. Therapeutic drug monitoring [2009]
  19. Enzymes as targets for drug action [2009]
  20. Irrational use of drugs. [2009]
  21. Importance of structure activity relationship of a drug [2010]
  22. Volume of distribution [2010]
  23. Write briefly about rational use of drugs [2010]
  24. Discuss protein binding of drugs with its clinical significance [2010]
  25. State the current status of Pharmacogenomics [2010]
  26. Describe ethical aspects in drug promotion [2010]
  27. Describe the role of pharmacogenomics in drug discovery and drug development [2011]
  28. Describe the various pharmacokinetic parameters and its significance [2011]
  29. Drug tolerance [2011]
  30. Prodrugs and its clinical significance [2011]
  31. Problems of drug use in Pediatric patient [2011]
  32. Factors modifying the drug action [2011]
  33. Essential drugs [2012]
  34. Liposomal drug delivery system [2012,2013,2014]
  35. Discuss ‘P’ drug concept and its importance [2013,2014,2015]
  36. Non-competitive drug antagonism [2013]
  37. Issues and challenges in geriatric prescribing [2012]
  38. Drugs in pregnancy [2011]
  39. Pharmacogenetics [2014]
  40. Placebo and nocebo [2014]
  41. Drug dependence [2014]
  42. Write a note on drug withdrawal [2015]
  43. Rational use of drugs [2016]
  44. Write on first pass effect of drugs [2016]
  45. Non-competitive drug antagonism [2014]
  46. Describe role of placebo in therapeutics [2015]
  47. Describe pros and cons of prescribing drugs by generic names [2015]
  48. Write a note on PvPI [2016]
  49. Explain the role and status of contract research organizations [2016]
  50. What are the provisions under drugs schedule H [2016]
  51. Orphan drugs [2017]
  52. Computer assisted learning in pharmacology [2017]
  53. ADR monitoring system in India [2017]
  54. Drug interactions of warfarin [2017]
  55. Therapeutic drug monitoring [2017}
  56. Describe various methods of prolongation of drug action [2017]
  57. Describe various pharmacokinetic parameters and its significance [2017]
  58. Teratogenicity [2017]
  59. Preclinical toxicity studies [2018]
  60. Drug-drug interactions [2018]
  61. Spectrophotometry [2018]
  62. Clinical trial report writing [2019]
  63. G protein coupled receptors [2019,2020]
  64. Research fraud and misconduct [2019]
  65. Photometric methods [2019]
  66. Co-transmission [2019]
  67. Peptide neurotransmitters [2019]
  68. Various neurotransmitters and their current status in various disorders. Explain in brief “co-transmission”. [2018]
  69. Role of modern drugs in reverse pharmacology. [2018]
  70. Various pharmacokinetic parameters and its significance. Explain in brief bioavailability and bioequivalence. [2018]
  71. Apoptosis [2020]

Pre-Clinical Pharmacology

Long Questions:

  1. Discuss CPCSEA guidelines [2005,2008]
  2. Describe current concepts in use of animals in drug research with special reference to ethics [2009]

Short questions:

  1. Use of inbred animals. [2006]
  2. Euthanasia in experimental animals. [2007]
  3. Errors in experimentation. [2008]
  4. Chronic toxicity studies of drug [1993,1998,2002]
  5. Preclinical toxicity studies. [1993,1997,1998,1999,2003,2005,2007,2007]
  6. Expt approach to assess genotoxic potential of drugs. [2007]
  7. Discuss various methods to test the teratogenicity of drugs. [2008]
  8. Compare rabbit and rat as an experimental animal [2016]
  9. Discuss alternatives to animal experiments [2016]
  10.  

Clinical Pharmacology

Long questions:

  1. Phases of clinical trials. [1998,2002,2005,2006]
  2. Design protocol for phase II trial of lipid lowering agent. [2005]
  3. Protocol for phase II trial of anti-hypertensive. [2006]
  4. Protocol for phase III trial of anti-diabetic drug. [2006]
  5. Ethical & legal issues in clinical trials. [2007]
  6. Define Bioequivalence. Explain the elements of bioequivalence study [2009
  7. Bioavailability & bioequivalence testing of drugs. [2006]
  8. Define Bioequivalence. Explain the elements of bioequivalence study [2009]
  9. Describe the role of Biostatistics in clinical trial. Discuss phase zero (Micro dosing) and role of Placebo in clinical trial [2011]
  10. Describe historical development and the current status of ethical issues in clinical research [2013]
  11. Define clinical trials and discuss Phase 0 (micro dosing), phase I, phase II, phase III, phase IV and phase V of clinical trials [2017]
  12. Discuss ethical issues related to clinical trials and describe the role of placebo in clinical trials [2018]

Short notes:

  1. Biomarkers. [2006,2015]
  2. Merits and demerits of multi-centric clinical trials [2009]
  3. Randomization methods [2009]
  4. Informed written consent [2009]
  5. Bioavailability studies [2010]
  6. Describe post-marketing surveillance [2010,2015. 2018]
  7. Importance of sample size [2011]
  8. Case Report Form [2011]
  9. Phases of new drug development [2011]
  10. Sample size determination [2012]
  11. Strength of evidence [2012]
  12. Conflict of interest in drug research [2012]
  13. Surrogate markers in clinical trials [2013,2014]
  14. Study design in post marketing surveillance [2009]
  15. Schedule Y of drugs [2014]
  16. Crossover study designs [2017]
  17. Bioequivalence [2019]
  18. Role of questionnaire in drug evaluation. [2018]
  19. Phase III and phase IV clinical trial. Discuss schedule Y.
  20. Ethical guidelines in clinical trials [2020]

Biostatistics

Long question:

  1. Describe the role of Biostatistics in clinical trial. Discuss phase zero (Micro dosing) and role of Placebo in clinical trial [2011]

Short questions:

  1. Nonparametric tests [1993, 1994, 1998, 2005, 2010]
  2. Student t test [1992, 2009,2016, 2017, 2018, 2020]
  3. Importance of ‘p’ value [1995, 1997, 2005]
  4. Chi square test [2002, 2010]
  5. ANOVA [2005, 2006]
  6. Parametric tests [2007, 2013,2014,2015]
  7. Paired t test [2009]
  8. Importance of sample size [2011]
  9. Sample size determination [2012]
  10. Paired ‘t’ test [2014]
  11. Explain the interpretation of ‘p’ value in statistical analysis [2016]
  12. Non-parametric tests of significance [2017, 2019]
  13. Role and scope of biostatistics in clinical trials with significance and importance of various statistical tests. [2018]

Paper I Miscellaneous

Short questions:

  1. HPLC. [1993,2007,2008]
  2. ELISA [1995,2005,2010]
  3. Chemical assay. [2002,2003]
  4. Chromatographic assay techniques [2009]
  5. Radioimmunoassay [2012]
  6. Immunological bioassay [2011]
  7. Chrono pharmacology and its significance [2011, 2017, 2018]
  8. Chiral drugs and its significance [2011]
  9. Discuss principle and clinical utility of HPLC [2015]

Receptor pharmacology

  1. Pharmacology of calcium channel blockers. [1994,1995,2005]
  2. Pharmacology of opioid receptors and drugs acting on it. [1995,2002,2008]
  3. Pharmacology of dopamine receptors. [2003]
  4. Drugs affecting dopaminergic system. [2006]
  5. Drugs modulating potassium channels. [2006]
  6. Pathophysiological role of GABA & drugs modulating it. [2006]
  7. Role of NMDA receptors & drugs affecting it. [2007]
  8. Give an account of 5-HT receptors, their subtypes and their agonists and antagonists [2010]
  9. Describe the basis for and uses of drugs acting by altering 5HT concentration by acting on 5HT receptors [2010, 2017]

Short questions:

  1. NMDA receptors. [2003,2005,2008, 2020]
  2. COX-2 inhibitors. [2004]
  3. Cannabinoid receptors. [2006]
  4. Opioid receptors [2009]
  5. 5HT receptor antagonists [2009]
  6. H3 and H4 histaminergic receptors and their antagonists [2013]
  7. Second generation anti-histaminics [2014]
  8. Melatonin receptor antagonist [2014]
  9. Neuropeptide receptors-drugs and current status [2014]

Evaluations

Long questions:

  1. Eval. of anti-ulcer agents. [1993,2005, 2018]
  2. Eval. of anti-epileptic. [1993,1995,1999,2002,2003]
  3. Eval. of local anesthetics. [1994,1995,2005,2020]
  4. Eval. of analgesics. [1997,2006,2015]
  5. Eval. of anti-malarial. [1998,2007]
  6. Eval. of anti-microbial. [2003]
  7. Eval. of hepatoprotectives. [2005,2008]
  8. Experimental models for drugs in parkinsonism. [2006, 2019]
  9. Eval. of anti-diabetic agents. [2007]
  10. Discuss experimental and clinical evaluation of antidiabetic drugs [2009]
  11. Describe various clinical and experimental methods for evaluation of anti-anginal drugs [2010]
  12. Describe methods of experimental and clinical evaluation of diuretics [2012]
  13. Describe various experimental methods used for evaluation of analgesics and anti-inflammatory agents [2011,2015]
  14. Describe the various experimental evaluation methods of cardiac antiarrhythmic drugs and cardio tonic activity [2011]
  15. Enumerate, describe and compare various experimental and clinical methods for evaluation of anti-epileptic agents [2010]
  16. Describe the methods of experimental and clinical evaluation of a new antihypertensive drug [2013,2014]
  17. Describe preclinical evaluation of drugs claimed to useful in type 2 diabetes mellitus [2016]
  18. Describe various clinical and experimental methods for evaluation of anti-anginal drugs [2017]
  19. Enumerate, describe and compare various experimental and clinical methods used for evaluation of anti-hypertensive agents [2017, 2018]

Short questions:

  1. Clinical evaluation of anti-inflammatory agents [2009]
  2. Role of questionnaire in drug evaluation [2010]
  3. Experimental evaluation of anti-hypertensive agents [2009]

Structure activity relationship

  1. Role of SAR in new drug development. [1992,1995,1998,2005]
  2. SAR-corticosteroids. [1993,1998,2005]
  3. SAR-steroids. [1995,2002]
  4. SAR-adrenergic agonists & antagonists. [2006]

CNS, PNS & ANS

Long questions:

  1. Current opioids in therapeutics. [1997, 2003]­­
  2. Recent advances/drug therapy of migraine. [2002,2004,2007]
  3. Current & new therapies in parkinsonism. [1992,1995,2005]
  4. Drug therapy of epilepsy/current status of AEDs. [1999,2006,2007]
  5. Discuss peripheral cholinergic transmission. [2004]
  6. Drug therapy of psychosis. [2006]
  7. Drug dependence & its management. [2006]
  8. Drug therapy of insomnia. [2008]
  9. Discuss the importance of neurochemical transmission in central nervous system. Explain how drugs modify neurotransmission. Illustrate your answer with suitable examples [2009]
  10. Enumerate polypeptide which stimulates smooth muscles. Describe the methods used for their identification and estimation [2009]
  11. Pharmacology of opioid receptors and drugs acting on it. [1995,2002,2008]
  12. Pharmacology of dopamine receptors. [2003]
  13. Drugs affecting dopaminergic system. [2006]
  14. Pathophysiological role of GABA & drugs modulating it. [2006]
  15. Role of NMDA receptors & drugs affecting it. [2007]
  16. Describe pharmacology of drugs used in the treatment of anxiety. Discuss also the choice of antianxiety drugs in various anxiety disorders [2012]
  17. Drugs for prophylaxis of migraine [2012]
  18. Describe adrenergic neurotransmission in detail [2011]
  19. Classify anti-depressant drugs. Describe pharmacology of Selective Serotonin Reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) [2011]
  20. Explain with suitable examples the use of autonomic agents in the treatment of cardio-vascular and central nervous system disorders [2010]
  21. Describe pathophysiology and drug treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. [2016]

Short questions:

  1. Tolcapone. [2002]
  2. Drug therapy of Alzheimer’s’ disease. [2003, 2017]
  3. Phenytoin. [2005]
  4. Carbimazole. [2005]
  5. Patient controlled analgesia. [2006]
  6. Neuropeptides. [2007]
  7. Propofol [2009]
  8. NMDA receptors. [2003,2005,2008]
  9. Cannabinoid receptors. [2006]
  10. Opoid receptors [2009]
  11. Tamsulosin [2009]
  12. Rivastigmine [2009]
  13. Discuss the role of anti-depressants in clinical practice [2010]
  14. Describe in brief the pharmacology of endorphins and enkephalins [2010]
  15. Write about COMT inhibitors used in Parkinson’s disease [2010, 2017]
  16. Write in brief about cholinesterase reactivators [2010]
  17. Opioids in terminally ill cancer patients [2012,2015]
  18. Atypical antipsychotics [2011]
  19. Disease modifying therapy in (AD) Alzheimer’s disease [2011]
  20. Third generation Beta blockers and their current status [2011]
  21. Current status and prospective of newer anti-epileptic drugs [2011]
  22. Drugs interacting with alcohol [2010]
  23. Intra-venous anesthesia [2010]
  24. Treatment of opioid dependence [2013]
  25. Adverse effects of phenothiazines [2013]
  26. Uses of autonomic drugs in ophthalmology [2013]
  27. Actions and uses of autonomic agents in ocular diagnosis and therapy [2010]
  28. Cognition enhancers [2014]
  29. Local anesthetics [2014]
  30. Explain the role of intravenous anesthetic agents in surgery [2015]
  31. Endorphins and enkephalins [2016]
  32. Write a note on SSRIs [2015]
  33. Describe co-transmission in the autonomic nervous system [2016]
  34. Write a note on alpha-1 antagonist [2016]
  35. Discuss status of lithium carbonate [2016]
  36. Recent advances/drug therapy of migraine [2016]
  37. Vasoselective anticholinergic agents [2017]
  38. Current status of newer anti-epileptic drugs in neuropathic pain [2018]
  39. Role of triptans in management of migraine [2018]
  40. Psychomimetic drugs [2018]
  41. Alpha blockers in benign hypertrophy of prostate [2018]
  42. Neuroleptanalgesia [2019]

CVS, Blood & Renal Pharmacology

LQs:

  1. Discuss anticoagulants. [2004, 2017]
  2. Discuss cardiac action potential & drugs modifying it. [2004]
  3. Current & recent advances in treatment of CHF. [2005,2007]
  4. Discuss hypolipidemics and management of hyperlipidemias. [2008, 2017]
  5. Classify thrombolytic drugs. Discuss site of action, indications and Adverse Drug Reactions of one of the commonly used drugs amongst them [2009]
  6. Discuss the role of Calcium Channel Blockers in Cardiovascular disorders [2010]
  7. Classify drugs acting on rennin angiotensin system. Discuss the pharmacological actions, adverse effects and uses of enalapril [2012]
  8. Discuss drug treatment of shock [2012]
  9. Give a detailed account of drug therapy of Ischemic Heart Diseases Including acute myocardial infarction as well as prevention and treatment of its complications [2010]
  10. Describe pharmacology of anti-arrhythmic drugs [2013, 2019]
  11. Discuss the drug treatment of congestive cardiac failure [2013]
  12. Pharmacology of renin angiotensin system. [1999,2003,2007]
  13. Diuretics. [1999]
  14. Physiology of urine formation & sites of action of diuretics. [2006]
  15. Discuss drugs modulating physiology of urine formation. [2008]
  16. Discuss current status of thrombolytics and anticoagulants in various disorders [2014]
  17. Classify anti-arrhythmic drugs, discuss merits and demerits of class III anti-arrhythmic drugs [2015]
  18. Give an account of drugs that modify fluid state of blood [2015]
  19. Discuss Pharmacology of potassium channel openers [2015]
  20. Discuss the role of ACEIs in clinical practice [2015,2016]
  21. Discuss the therapeutic potential of hypolipidemic agents [2016]
  22. Classify vasodilators. Explain their mechanism of action. Discuss their therapeutic uses with rationale. [2017]
  23. Drugs used in patients with renal insufficiency [2020]

Short questions:

  1. Prophylaxis of MI. [2006]
  2. Tranexamic acid. [2006]
  3. Vasopeptidase inhibitors. [2007]
  4. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors. [2007]
  5. Hematopoietic growth factors [2009]
  6. Statins [2009]
  7. Describe anti-platelet drugs [2010]
  8. Describe guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia [2010]
  9. Statins in hyperlipidemia [2011]
  10. Parenteral Iron therapy [2011]
  11. Current status of GP2b/IIIa inhibitors in acute ischemic stroke [2011]
  12. Anti-platelet agents [2010]
  13. Potassium sparing diuretics [2013]
  14. Omapatrilat [2002]
  15. Nephrotoxic drugs. [2008]
  16. Role of nitric oxide in health & disease. [1998,2005]
  17. Erythropoietin [2014]
  18. Pharmacotherapy of bladder dysfunction [2014, 2018]
  19. Omega 3 fatty acids in drug therapy of hyperlipidemia [2015]
  20. What is the therapeutic status of ACEIs [2015]
  21. Role of vasodilators in CHF [2016]
  22. Vitamin B12 and folic acid [2016]
  23. Pharmacotherapy of prostate enlargement [2015, 2016, 2017]
  24. Describe renin inhibitors [2016]
  25. Write uses and adverse effects of vit K [2016]
  26. Direct thrombin inhibitors [2017]
  27. Cytoprotective agents in angina pectoris [2017]
  28. ACE inhibitors in clinical practice [2017]
  29. Styptics [2018]
  30. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors in heart failure [2018]
  31. Management of hypertensive urgency and emergency [2019]
  32. Status of statins in management of dyslipidemia and neurological disorders. [2018]
  33. Megakaryocyte growth factors. [2020]
  34. Scope of vaptans in therapeutics [2020]

Endocrinology

Long questions:

  1. Recent advances in treatment of diabetes mellitus. [1993,1995,1998,1999,2008]
  2. Issues & controversies wrt HRT. [2006]
  3. Role of leptin & treatment of obesity. [2006]
  4. Current trends & RA in Mx of obesity. [2007]
  5. Drug therapy of infertility. [2007]
  6. Discuss drug treatment of hyperthyroidism [2012]
  7. Describe the role of sodium glucose co-transport inhibitors and its therapeutic potentials in Type II DM [2011]
  8. Discuss the pharmacology of female sex hormones; their analogues and drugs acting on or modifying their receptors [2010, 2017]
  9. Describe MOA of anti-thyroid agents with their adverse effects [2015]
  10. Describe pharmacotherapy of obesity [2015]
  11. Describe pharmacology of anti-estrogens and anti-progestins [2016]
  12. Pharmacotherapy of goiter [2018]
  13. Drugs used in treatment of type II diabetes mellitus [2019]
  14. Pharmacotherapeutic options as an add-on therapy to metformin in a case of type 2 diabetes mellitus [2017]

Short questions:

  1. Hormone replacement therapy and its status. [1999, 2005, 2015]
  2. Melatonin. [1999, 2007]
  3. S.E.R.Ms. [2004]
  4. Bisphosphonates. [2008]
  5. Prospects of insulin analogues [2009]
  6. Selective estrogen receptor modulators [2009]
  7. Drugs used in medical termination of pregnancy [2009]
  8. Explain antiallergic and immunosuppressive action of glucocorticoids [2009]
  9. Anorexiants in treatment of obesity [2009]
  10. Drug treatment of osteoporosis [2009, 2017]
  11. Rosiglitazone [2009]
  12. Discuss mechanism of action, adverse effects and clinical status of hormonal contraceptives [2010, 2018, 2020]
  13. Antiestrogens [2012]
  14. Vasopressin analogues [2012]
  15. Oral contraceptives [2011]
  16. Glucocorticoids in ocular pharmacology [2011]
  17. Newer insulin analogues [2011]
  18. Bisphosphonates [2011]
  19. Comparison of oxytocin with ergot alkaloids and prostaglandins as oxytocic’s [2010]
  20. Glucocorticoids in dermatopharmacology [2010]
  21. Vitamin D analogues [2013]
  22. Clinical uses of synthetic GnRH analogues [2014]
  23. Antiprogestins [2014]
  24. Describe drugs used for MTP [2015]
  25. Status of currently available anti-obesity drugs [2014]
  26. Discuss prolactin inhibitors [2015]
  27. Write a note on mifepristone [2015]
  28. Write pharmacology of desmopressin [2015]
  29. Pharmacological Mx of obesity [2016]
  30. Drug therapy of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism [2014]
  31. Write briefly on insulin sensitizers [2015]
  32. DPP4 inhibitors [2017]
  33. Non-hormonal agents affecting calcium homeostasis [2019]
  34. Drug treatment of thyroid dysfunction [2019]

GIT

Long questions:

  1. Drug therapy of vomiting. [2003,2007]
  2. Current & Recent advances in inflammatory bowel disease. [2007]
  3. Discuss the pharmacological management of chemotherapy induced nausea vomiting [2011]
  4. Discuss the pharmacotherapy of inflammatory bowel disease [2013]
  5. Discuss pharmacotherapy of acid peptic disease [2014, 2018]
  6. Physiology and pharmacology of vomiting [2019]

Short questions:

  1. Prokinetics. [1995,1999,2003, 2020]
  2. Anti-motility agents. [2004]
  3. Antisecretory agents in the management of peptic ulcer [2009]
  4. Drug therapy of Gastro-esophageal reflux disease [2009]
  5. Discuss pharmacology of prokinetic drugs [2010]
  6. Drug treatment of Ulcerative colitis [2012]
  7. Drug treatment of H. Pylori infection [2012]
  8. Treatment of delayed emesis in cancer patient [2011]
  9. Different regimes for H. Pylori eradication [2011]
  10. Role of proton pump inhibitors in NSAID toxicity [2011]
  11. Drug treatment of recurrent peptic ulcer disease [2010]
  12. Role of laxatives in ischemic heart disease [2014]
  13. Drug therapy of irritable bowel syndrome [2016]
  14. Rationale and therapeutic basis in treatment of peptic ulcer. [2017]
  15. Proton pump inhibitors [2017, 2020]
  16. Various drug therapies in diabetic gastroparesis [2018]
  17. “prescribing proton pump inhibitors”, is it time to pause and rethink? Explain. [2018]
  18. Racecadotril [2020]

RS

Long questions:

  1. Role of various mediators in asthma. [1994]
  2. Recent advances in bronchial asthma. [1998,2006]
  3. Drug therapy of asthma. [2003,2007]
  4. Describe pharmacotherapy of bronchial asthma [2014,2016]
  5.  

Short questions:

  1. Cromolyn sodium. [2001]
  2. Inhaled corticosteroids [2009]
  3. Bronchodilators [2012]
  4. Inhaled steroids in bronchial asthma [2011]
  5. Leukotriene inhibitors in the treatment of allergy [2011, 2019]
  6. Drugs used in prevention and treatment of acute attack of bronchial asthma and status asthmaticus [2010]
  7. Corticosteroids in bronchial asthma [2013]
  8. Write in brief about leukotriene modifiers [2016]
  9. Long acting beta agonists and leukotriene inhibitors in management of asthma and allergy. [2018]

Chemotherapy of microbial infections

Long questions:

  1. Recent advances in treatment of fungal infections. [1994]
  2. Current & new drugs in malaria therapy. [1997,2002]
  3. MOA of anti-microbial drugs. [2002]
  4. Mechanism of drug resistance to antimicrobials. [2004,2005]
  5. Chemotherapy of malaria & Drug therapy of Chloroquine resistant malaria. [2005, 2017]
  6. Drug therapy of tuberculosis: current regimens & limitations. [2006]
  7. Drugs used in treatment of malaria. [2008]
  8. Discuss causes, consequences and, management of Nosocomial infections [2009]
  9. Discuss the drug therapy of pulmonary tuberculosis and management of multiple drug resistant tuberculosis patient [2009]
  10. Discuss the mechanism of action of antibiotics and mechanisms of development of bacterial resistance. Suggest the measures to reduce and overcome the incidence of resistance [2010, 2018]
  11. Discuss the clinical status and limitations of drugs used in the treatment of Malaria [2010]
  12. Describe in detail treatment and prophylaxis of HIV positive patient [2011]
  13. Discuss in detail fluoroquinolones [2011]
  14. Describe role of artemisinin-based combination therapy in falciparum malaria [2015]
  15. Describe pharmacology of cephalosporins [2016]
  16. Antimicrobial agents which act by interfering in cell wall synthesis [2017]

Short questions:

  1. Acyclovir. [2004]
  2. Amphotericin-B. [2005]
  3. Ivermectin. [2005]
  4. b-lactamase inhibitors. [2006]
  5. Oseltamivir. [2006]
  6. HIV entry inhibitors. [2007]
  7. Treatment of chloroquine resistant malaria [2009, 2017]
  8. Protease inhibitors [2009]
  9. Write about current status of various drug regimes used in treatment of leprosy [2010, 2017]
  10. Rational chemoprophylaxis [2012]
  11. Current challenges in antimicrobial chemotherapy and role of Newer Beta-lactamase and non-beta-lactamase inhibitors [2011]
  12. Anti-pseudomonal antibiotics [2010, 2017, 2020]
  13. Treatment of pseudomonal infections [2013]
  14. Describe adverse effects of antibiotic [2015]
  15. Write a note on NNRTIs [2015]
  16. Rationale for anti-microbial combinations [2016]
  17. Drug therapy of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis [2016]
  18. Outline merits and demerits of glycopeptides [2016]
  19. Fluroquinolones in community acquired pneumonia [2018]
  20. Monobactams and carbapenems [2019]
  21. Rational use of antibiotics [2019]
  22. Rational and irrational use of antibiotics and antibiotic policy [2018]
  23. Drug treatment of anaerobic infections. [2019]
  24. Pharmacology of ketolides as antimicrobial agents [2020]

Cancer chemotherapy & Immunology

Long questions

  1. Classify anticancer drugs. Mention general principles of cancer chemotherapy. Give an account to newer approaches to treatment of cancer. [2009]
  2. Discuss the pharmacological management of chemotherapy induced nausea vomiting [2011]
  3. Drug therapy of Rheumatoid arthritis/RA. [1994,1999,2007]
  4. Role of cytokines in health & disease & drugs modifying cytokines. [2007]
  5. Discuss pharmacology of immunosuppressants [2015]
  6. Use of immunosuppressants after organ transplantation [2017]

Short questions:

  1. Monoclonal antibodies. [2007]
  2. Immunomodulators [2009, 2011, 2016, 2017, 2019]
  3. Immunosuppressants [2012, 2020]
  4. Treatment of delayed emesis in cancer patient [2011]
  5. Immunomodulators and its current status in clinical practice [2011]
  6. Mechanism of action of anti-arthritic agents [2010]
  7. Aromatase inhibitors [2013]
  8. Calcineurin inhibitors [2013]
  9. Describe adverse effects of anti-cancer drugs [2015]
  10. Targeted antimalignant drugs [2014]
  11. Therapeutic uses of corticosteroids in malignancy [2015,2016]
  12. Immunomodulators and their clinical importance [2016]
  13. Immunosuppressants and immunostimulants and their current status [2014]
  14. Bepotastine in allergic disorder [2014]
  15. Write a note on monoclonal antibodies [2016]
  16. Write a note on immunostimulants [2016]
  17. Write management of nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy [2016, 2018]
  18. Management of toxicity due to anticancer drugs [2017]
  19. Non-endocrine uses of corticosteroids. [2019]

Miscellaneous topics (Ocular and dermatopharmacology, Nutrients, Special topics and others)

  1. Pharmacotherapy of acne. [2002]
  2. Discuss pharmacology of prostaglandins. [2003]
  3. Drug therapy of glaucoma. [2004]
  4. Discuss current status & issues related to COX-II inhibitors. [2005]
  5. Discuss stem cell therapy: implications & issues. [2006]
  6. Gene therapy: indications & limitations. [2007]
  7. Discuss the drug therapy of psoriasis [2009]
  8. Give the detailed account of recent drugs and current strategies for treatment of glaucoma [2011, 2017]
  9. Explain in detail pharmacotherapy of Glaucoma [2011,2016, 2020]
  10. Discuss therapeutic uses and adverse effects of ocular anti-hypertensives [2015]
  11. Discuss pharmacotherapy of gout [2016, 2020]

SN:

  1. Benzimidazoles. [2002]
  2. Adenosine. [2002]
  3. Nitric oxide. [2003]
  4. Endothelins. [2003]
  5. Nutraceuticals. [2004]
  6. Antioxidants. [2005]
  7. Biological response modifiers. [2005,2008]
  8. Gene therapy. [2006]
  9. Therapeutic uses of prostaglandins [2012, 2018]
  10. Antioxidants and their clinical uses [2009, 2018, 2020]
  11. Heavy metal antagonists [2009]
  12. Contrast media for X-ray imaging [2009]
  13. Discuss the role of antioxidants in health and disease [2010]
  14. What are retinoids and what is their role in dermatopharmacology [2010]
  15. Write in brief about chelating agents and their role in heavy metal poisoning [2010, 2017, 2018]
  16. Melanizing agent [2012]
  17. Management of paracetamol poisoning [2011]
  18. Current strategies of chronic iron overload [2011]
  19. Keratolytic drugs and its present status [2011]
  20. Glucocorticoids in dermatopharmacology [2010]
  21. Drug interactions of vitamins [2010]
  22. Antidotes [2010]
  23. Management of paracetamol poisoning [2011]
  24. Vitamin D analogues [2013]
  25. Retinoids [2013]
  26. Folic acid [2013]
  27. Write in brief on “Parenteral Nutritional Supplements” [2015]
  28. Antioxidants in health and disease [2014]
  29. Explain neuroleptanalgesia [2015, 2019]
  30. Describe drug therapy of iron poisoning [2015]
  31. Discuss treatment of psoriasis [2015]
  32. Compare tetanus toxoid versus tetanus immunoglobulin [2015]
  33. Write about current issues and future prospects of stem cell therapy [2015]
  34. Issues and challenges in pediatric prescribing [2016]
  35. Discuss merits and demerits of radioimmunoassay [2016]
  36. Describe applications of gene therapy [2016]
  37. Adverse effects of vaccines [2016]
  38. Orphan drugs [2014]
  39. Describe precautions for use of drugs in lactating mother [2016]
  40. Discuss drug treatment of acne [2016]
  41. Indications with examples and precautions for topical glucocorticoids. [2017]
  42. Pharmacotherapy of glaucoma [2017, 2020]
  43. Fat soluble vitamins [2017]
  44. Diagnostic use of drugs [2017]
  45. Drug treatment of scabies [2017]
  46. Alpha adrenergic agonists in glaucoma. [2018]
  47. Pharmacology of vitamin D [2020]
  48. Prostaglandin analogues [2020]

Recent advances

CNS, PNS & ANS

Long questions:

  1. Current & new therapies in parkinsonism. [1992,1995,2005]
  2. Recent advances in drug therapy of parkinsonism. [1998,2005]
  3. Recent advances/drug therapy of migraine. [2002,2004,2007]
  4. Recent advances in drug therapy of Alzheimer’s disease. [2005,2008,2014,2016]
  5. Discuss recent advances in the treatment of epilepsy [2009]
  6. Describe drug treatment of nicotine dependence [2012]
  7. Describe recent advances and current management of newly diagnosed epilepsy [2011]
  8. Describe recent advances in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease [2013]
  9. Discuss the various drugs in the management of dementia of the Alzheimer’s disease type ne [2014]
  10. Describe recent advances in the Mx of drug resistant epilepsy [2015]
  11. Recent advances in treatment of mental depression. [2017]
  12. Discuss various anti-migraine drugs used or treatment of severe migraine with special emphasis on their mechanism of action and rtionale for their use. [2020]

Short questions:

  1. Nootropics. [1994,2002,2007]
  2. Describe recent advances in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders [2010]
  3. Cerebro-active drugs [2011]
  4. Endogenous opioid peptide [2011]
  5. Recent advances in treatment of Alzheimer’s disease [2011]
  6. Recent advances in the treatment of Parkinsonism [2010]
  7. Novel targets for analgesia [2010]
  8. Dapoxetine in premature ejaculation [2011]
  9. Newer anti-epileptic drugs [2014]
  10. Atypical antidepressants [2014]
  11. Describe role of neuroprotectants in stroke therapy [2015]
  12. Describe skeletal muscle relaxants with their therapeutic status [2015]
  13. Nootropic and psychoactive drugs [2018]
  14. COX-II inhibitors [2018]

CVS & Blood

Long questions:

  1. Recent advances in lipid lowering agents. [1999,2002]
  2. Recent advances in therapy of CAD. [2003, 2019]
  3. Current & recent advances in treatment of CHF. [2005,2007]
  4. Describe the present status of drugs used in the management of congestive heart failure [2010]
  5. Discuss physiological role and therapeutic potential of endogenous nitric oxide [2012]
  6. Describe recent advances in drug therapy of congestive cardiac failure [2011]
  7. Discuss recent advances in the pharmacological treatment of coagulation disorder 2014]
  8. Give the detail account of recent drugs for the treatment of hyperlipidemia [2014]
  9. Describe recent advances in the drug therapy of hypertension [2016, 2018]
  10. Current status of newer vasodilators and inotropic drugs in advanced heart failure [2018]

Short questions:

  1. Vasopeptidase inhibitors [2006]
  2. Colloidal plasma expanders [2009]
  3. Antifibrinolytics [2011]
  4. Hematopoietic growth factors [2011]
  5. Problems and prospective of antiplatelet therapy [2011]
  6. Endothelin receptor agonists and antagonists [2010]
  7. Comment on recent developments in the treatment of congestive cardiac failure [2013]
  8. Write in brief about “blood substitutes” [2013]
  9. Pharmacotherapy of pulmonary hypertension [2014]
  10. Endothelin receptor antagonists [2015]
  11. Pharmacology of antiplatelet agents [2019]
  12. Health benefits of atorvastatin. [2018]
  13. Haemopoietic growth factors. [2017]
  14. Newer beta blockers. [2019]
  15. Endothelin receptor antagonists. [2019]

Endocrinology

Long questions:

  1. Discuss recent advances in drug therapy of Diabetes Mellitus. Discuss the basis and status of the same [2010,2015, 2020]
  2. Describe recent advances in the lipid lowering agents [2014]
  3. Describe the pharmacology of vasopressin agonist and antagonist [2015]
  4. Recent drug therapy for type II DM and DPP4 inhibitors and their current status. [2018]
  5. Recent developments in the field of contraception. [2019]

Short questions:

  1. Current trends & RA in Mx of obesity. [2007]
  2. Hormone replacement therapy [2009]
  3. Drug treatment of erectile dysfunction [2012]
  4. Anabolic steroids [2011]
  5. Modern insulin (Designer insulin) and its current status [2011]
  6. Current concept of drug therapy in obesity [2010]
  7. Write a note on bisphosphonates [2013]
  8. Write a note on SERM [2015, 2017]
  9. Modern designer insulin [2014]
  10. Recent advances in management of obesity [2014]
  11. Drug therapy for hyperprolactinemia [2014, 2018]
  12. Post coital contraception [2014]
  13. Outline drug treatment of PCOS [2015]
  14. Describe drugs used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction [2015,2016, 2018]
  15. Write in brief on hormone modulators [2016]
  16. Recent advances in immune-suppressive therapy. [2017]
  17. Advances in treatment of thyroid disorders [2017]
  18. Insulin delivery system: present trends and future directives. [2018]
  19. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM) [2017]
  20. Incretin based therapy for management of diabetes mellitus [2019]
  21. Newer insulin preparations. [2020]

GIT

Long questions:

  1. Current & Recent advances in inflammatory bowel disease. [2007]

Short questions:

  1. Probiotics: promise, problem and progress [2009,2016]
  2. Drug treatment of Irritable bowel [2012]
  3. New long acting PPI and their current status [2014]
  4. Merits and demerits of probiotics [2020]

RS

Long questions:

  1. Recent advances in bronchial asthma. [1998,2006, 2018]
  2. Discuss the recent advances in the treatment of bronchial asthma [2010]
  3. Write a note on antibiotic prophylaxis in COPD [2016]

Short questions:

  1. Leukotriene modifiers [2009,2014]
  2. Enumerate recent pharmacological approaches in the treatment of bronchial asthma [2013]
  3. Long acting beta agonist in the Mx of asthma [2014]
  4. Describe prophylactic uses of bronchodilators [2015]
  5. Inhaled steroids in treatment of bronchial asthma. [2017, 2020]
  6. Inhaled corticosteroids. [2018]

Chemotherapy of microbial infections

Long questions:

  1. Recent advances in therapy of malaria. [1993,1995,1998,1999,2004]
  2. Current & new drugs in malaria therapy. [1997,2002]
  3. Recent advances in therapy of HIV/AIDS and related disease. [2002,2005,2006,2008]
  4. Discuss newer chemotherapeutic agents. [2003]
  5. Recent advances in tuberculosis. [2007]
  6. Give an account of recent advances in the management of malaria. Add a note on interactions of the drugs used [2011]
  7. Give an account of recent advances in the management of HIV-AIDS. Add a note on the interactions of the drugs used. [2010, 2017]
  8. Discuss drug therapy of chloroquine resistant malaria [2015]
  9. Drugs used in treatment of leprosy with special reference to recent advances. [2017]

Short questions:

  1. Oseltamivir [2006]
  2. Probiotics: promise, problem and progress [2009]
  3. Describe the past and present status of cephalosporins [2010,2015]
  4. Drug treatment of H1N1 influenza [2012]
  5. Newer Lipoglycopeptides [2011]
  6. Role of Immunomodulators in treatment of Multi drug resistant TB [2011, 2018]
  7. Pharmacological basis of combination therapy in treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis [2014]
  8. Recent status and guidelines for the Mx of XDR tuberculosis [2014]
  9. Carbapenems and their current status [2014,2015]
  10. Treatment of MDR tuberculosis [2014, 2020]
  11. Urinary tract infections: Present status [2017]
  12. Pharmacotherapy of HIV current trends and future prospects. [2018]
  13. Cephalosporins past and present. [2018]
  14. Drug treatment of H1N1 influenza [2018]
  15. Newer antimalarials. [2019]
  16. Newer antifungal agents. [2019]

Cancer chemotherapy & Immunology

Long questions:

  1. Recent advances in cancer chemotherapy. [1999,2004,2006, 2020]
  2. Recent advances in pharmacotherapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis [2009]
  3. Give an account of various agents in rheumatoid disease and its effect on quality of life [2011]
  4. Recent advances in pharmacotherapy of Ca breast [2014]
  5.  

Short questions:

  1. State the current trends in hormonal management of breast cancer [2010, 2018]
  2. Pharmacological modulation of angiogenesis [2012]
  3. Vaccination as a tool for cancer prevention [2012]
  4. Monoclonal antibodies as therapeutic agents [2010]
  5. Treatment of chronic gout [2011]
  6. Describe the misuse of anti-histaminics [2015]
  7. Write a note on HPV vaccine [2015]
  8. New drug delivery systems in cancer chemotherapy. [2019]

Miscellaneous topics (Ocular and dermatopharmacology, Nutrients, Special topics and others)

Long questions:

  1. Recent advances in treatment of glaucoma. [2003]
  2. Discuss new uses of old drugs. [2006]
  3. Role of pharmacoepidemiology in promoting rational use of drugs [2009]
  4. Discuss with suitable examples how advances in instrumentation has improved pharmacodynamic evaluation of drugs in clinical trials [2009]
  5. Describe applications of biotechnology to pharmacology and toxicology
  6. Give the detail account of recent drugs and current strategies for the treatment of insecticide poisoning [2014]
  7. Recent advances of drug therapy of non-infective conditions of the eye. [2017]

Short questions:

  1. Gene therapy [2009]
  2. Study design in post marketing surveillance [2009]
  3. Biotechnology as a source for future drugs [2009]
  4. Polymorphism [2009]
  5. Intellectual Property Right (IPR) [2009]
  6. Integrated treatment approach [2009]
  7. Role of pharmacist in management of medical store [2009]
  8. Telemedicine [2009]
  9. Write about recent advances in vaccines [2010]
  10. Write a note on “environmental pharmacology” [2010]
  11. Describe newer drug delivery systems [2010, 2017]
  12. Glucocorticoids in ocular pharmacology [2011]
  13. Overdose of vitamins [2011]
  14. 14.Newer drug delivery system [2010]
  15. 15.Describe influenza vaccines with their therapeutic status [2013]
  16. 16 Comment on “novel drugs” [2013]
  17. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors [2010,2014]
  18. Neurosteroids [2014]
  19. 19.Discuss role of drug designing in drug development [2016]
  20. 20.Write a note on ‘online pharmacies’ [2016]
  21. Suicidal inhibitors [2014]
  22. Drug therapy of pediculosis [2015]
  23. What is the current status of anti-oxidant therapy [2015]
  24. Write a note on myeloid growth factors [2015]
  25. Discuss pharmacology of triptans [2015]
  26. Environmental pharmacology. [2017]
  27. Biotechnology as a source of future drugs. [2018]
  28. Recent advances in alternatives to animal experimentation ion pharmacology. [2018]
Dr. Paresh Koli

Founder of the desimedicos.com. Doctor by profession & a techie by hobby. MBBS from TNMC, Mumbai & MD Pharmacology from GSMC, Mumbai. Follow me https://twitter.com/drpcoli

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